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Core
User Feedback Loops and the Data Flywheel
A data flywheel captures implicit and explicit user feedback in production, routes it into eval sets and fine-tuning data, and uses the improved model to attract more usage that generates more feedback. The hard part is not the loop but the signal quality: implicit signals are biased and explicit ratings are sparse and gameable, so naive feedback ingestion teaches the model the wrong thing. Applied AI interviews probe it because a candidate who treats every thumbs-down as ground truth will build a system that degrades while looking like it is learning.
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RELATED CONCEPTS
PRACTICE THIS IN REAL QUESTIONS
LLM & GenAI FundamentalsWhen do you choose prompting vs RAG vs fine-tuning for a customer problem?→LLM & GenAI FundamentalsWalk through RLHF, then explain DPO and why it has largely displaced PPO-based RLHF.→LLM & GenAI FundamentalsHow do you evaluate an LLM, and why are benchmarks and LLM-as-judge both unreliable?→LLM & GenAI FundamentalsExplain LoRA, QLoRA, and parameter-efficient fine-tuning. Why train a fraction of the parameters?→LLM & GenAI FundamentalsWhat is instruction tuning, and how does it differ from pretraining and alignment?→LLM & GenAI FundamentalsWhat is catastrophic forgetting, and how do you prevent it when fine-tuning or continually training an LLM?→
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