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Core
Slowly Changing Dimensions (SCD)
Slowly changing dimensions are the patterns for handling dimension attributes that change over time, such as a customer moving cities or a product changing category. Type 1 overwrites history, Type 2 keeps versioned rows with effective dates and a current flag, and Type 3 keeps a prior-value column. Applied-AI interviews probe it because answering what something looked like at the time of an event requires deliberate history tracking, and most analysts only know how to overwrite.
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RELATED CONCEPTS
PRACTICE THIS IN REAL QUESTIONS
SQL & Data EngineeringImplement Slowly Changing Dimension Type 2 history tracking in a Delta lakehouse.→SQL & Data EngineeringWhat is a MERGE (upsert), and how do you use it for incremental loads and SCDs?→SQL & Data EngineeringGiven rows with start and end timestamps, merge all overlapping intervals per user in SQL.→SQL & Data EngineeringGroup a stream of user events into sessions in SQL (30-minute inactivity gap) using window functions.→SQL & Data EngineeringFind the top-N records per group and a running total per group in SQL.→SQL & Data EngineeringA SQL query is slow. How do you diagnose and optimize it?→
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